Ethylene Glycol, CAS 107-21-1, is a low-molecular-weight aliphatic diol of formula C2H6O2 and molecular weight 62.07 g/mol. As a hydrophilic, strongly hydrogen-bonding solvent and humectant, it is commonly encountered as a process-related contaminant or residual reagent in multistep synthesis and purification operations. Although not classified as a genotoxic impurity under ICH M7, its toxicological relevance arises from systemic exposure and dose-dependent renal effects. Accurate determination typically relies on headspace or direct GC-MS, often with derivatization, or LC-MS/MS when matrix complexity suppresses volatility-based measurement.
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