Imidazole-1-yl-acetic acid hydrochloride, also designated 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)acetic acid hydrochloride, CAS 87266-37-3, is a polar imidazole-containing organic salt with molecular formula C5H6N2O2 • HCl and molecular weight 162.57 g/mol. It is structurally consistent with a process-related impurity arising from N-alkylation, side-chain oxidation, or hydrolytic transformation of imidazole-containing intermediates. The hydrochloride form enhances ionic character and chromatographic retention behavior. Owing to its small size and strong polarity, characterization typically requires LC-MS/MS, high-resolution LC-MS, and ion-pair or HILIC methods, with NMR supportive for structural confirmation. It should be evaluated within impurity control strategies and genotoxic risk assessments where relevant.
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