N-Nitroso-2-pyrrolidinone, CAS 54634-49-0, is a cyclic N-nitrosamine with the molecular formula C4H6N2O2 and molecular weight 114.1 g/mol. It is structurally related to 2-pyrrolidone and can arise during nitrosation of the corresponding lactam under acidic conditions in the presence of nitrite or other nitrosating agents. As a member of the nitrosamine class, it is treated as a potential genotoxic impurity within ICH M7 risk frameworks. Trace-level measurement generally requires highly selective LC-MS/MS or GC-MS methods, often with isotope-labeled internal standards, due to low ng to pg sensitivity demands and matrix-dependent ion suppression or thermal stability constraints.
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