Pyridoxine is the 4-methanol form of vitamin B6, an important water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in many foods. As its classification as a vitamin implies, Vitamin B6 (and pyridoxine) are essential nutrients required for normal functioning of + some more technical info: chemically, pyridoxine has the formula C8H11NO3 and a molecular weight of about 169 g mol; it is a tertiary alcohol derivative of the pyridine ring that serves as a precursor to biologically active vitamers including pyridoxine 5-prime-phosphate and pyridoxal 5-prime-phosphate. The phosphorylated aldehyde form, pyridoxal 5-prime-phosphate, is the primary coenzyme in amino acid metabolism participating in transamination, decarboxylation, racemization and glycogen phosphorylase activation. Pyridoxine is highly soluble in water, more stable in acidic environments than in alkaline, and is susceptible to photodegradation and oxidative conversion to pyridoxal and pyridoxic acid under forcing conditions. Typical pharmaceutical and analytical characterization uses HPLC with UV detection and LC MS for identity, assay and related substance profiling, with solid state properties evaluated by melting point, XRPD and residual solvent analysis.
Parent: Pyridoxine
Parent: Pyridoxine
Parent: Pyridoxine
Parent: Pyridoxine Hydrochloride / Pyridoxine
Parent: Pyridoxine
Parent: Pyridoxine
Commercial and pharmacopeial quality control for pyridoxine focuses on assay, related substances, heavy metals, residual solvents and water content; common specification targets used by manufacturers are assay not less than 98.0 percent on an anhydrous basis, water content typically below 0.5 percent, and total related substances commonly controlled to 1.0 percent or less with any unidentified individual impurity limited to 0.5 percent or lower. Known related compounds and degradants include pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, pyridoxic acid and phosphorylated vitamers which are usually controlled to low ppm levels or to limits in the 0.1 to 0.5 percent range depending on regulatory requirements and intended use. Analytical control frequently employs validated HPLC methods with reference standards to quantify specified impurities, plus LC MS to detect and identify unknowns, and residual solvent limits are applied in accordance with standard guidance.
Pyridoxine is used to prevent and treat vitamin B6 deficiency, to manage certain nutritional and metabolic conditions, as adjunct therapy for some forms of anemia and neuropathy, and to counteract the peripheral neuropathy risk from niacin or isoniazid therapy; it is also used in specific inborn errors of metabolism under specialist supervision.
Symptoms of deficiency include microcytic anemia, glossitis, cheilosis, seborrheic dermatitis, irritability, peripheral neuropathy, and in severe cases seizures; clinical presentation varies with severity and coexisting nutritional deficits.
Pyridoxine is not typically sedating; normal therapeutic doses do not commonly cause drowsiness, although individual responses vary and very high doses can cause neurological effects such as peripheral neuropathy rather than sedation.
Pyridoxine is given with isoniazid treatment to reduce the risk of isoniazid induced peripheral neuropathy because isoniazid interferes with vitamin B6 metabolism, and supplementation prevents depletion of the active coenzyme and associated neurotoxic effects.
