El ácido maleico (CAS 110-16-7) | también denominado ácido maleínico o cis-2-butenedioico | es una impureza frecuente en procesos de síntesis orgánica y en materias primas. Como impureza | su carácter diácido y configuración cis afectan el pH y la reactividad | pudiendo catalizar esterificaciones | alterar la polimerización y favorecer la formación de subproductos; además su alta polaridad y solvencia acuosa complican su eliminación por destilación | obligando a recurrir a técnicas cromatográficas o intercambio iónico. Su cuantificación se realiza por HPLC | GC-MS | RMN y FTIR para controlar límites de calidad | estabilidad y corrosividad en lotes industriales.
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