Proguanil Impurities

• Proguanil is used for the prevention and treatment of malaria, primarily caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
• It is most effective when combined with atovaquone (as in Malarone), as this combination prevents the development of resistance.
• It is also used as part of some standalone antimalarial regimens.

• Proguanil is a prodrug that is converted in the liver to cycloguanil, which inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) in malaria parasites.
• This action prevents DNA replication and cell division, disrupting the growth and survival of the parasite.

• Proguanil is generally safe for short-term use, such as for malaria prophylaxis during travel.
• Long-term use should be monitored by a healthcare provider, especially for individuals with kidney or liver conditions.
• It is well tolerated, but rare side effects like mouth ulcers, abdominal pain, or hair loss may occur with extended use.

Common side effects include:

• Nausea or vomiting
• Abdominal cramps
• Diarrhea
• Mouth ulcers
• Rarely, allergic reactions, elevated liver enzymes, or hair thinning