La impureza D del ácido alfa lipoico, identificada como ácido β-lipoico, CAS 6992-30-9, es un isómero posicional del ácido tióctico que suele originarse por isomerización esterequímica o inducida por el proceso durante la síntesis, el aislamiento o el almacenamiento. Esta impureza sulfurada de tipo disulfuro cíclico presenta fórmula molecular C8H14O3S2 y peso molecular de 222.3 g/mol. Dado que su perfil fisicoquímico es muy similar al del compuesto principal, la separación suele requerir LC en fase reversa de alta resolución o quiral con confirmación ortogonal por LC-MS/MS. En el contexto regulatorio se considera una impureza orgánica estructuralmente relacionada, no una especie genotóxica, con caracterización apoyada por RMN y espectrometría de masas.
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