5-Formyl-8-hydroxycarbostyril, also designated Procaterol Impurity 11, is a heteroaromatic oxidation-related impurity associated with the procaterol scaffold and catalogued as CAS 68304-21-2. With molecular formula C10H7NO3 and molecular weight 189.2 g/mol, it represents a hydroxylated and formylated carbostyril derivative consistent with side-product formation during synthesis or oxidative degradation of the parent substance. Its structural alert profile is distinct from classical nitrosamine impurities, but its presence still warrants specification under impurity control regimes. Trace-level determination typically relies on LC-MS/MS, high-resolution LC-MS, and orthogonal HPLC-UV methods, with impurity assignment supported by NMR where isolated.
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