Caffeine EP Impurity C, identifiziert als Isocoffein (CAS 519-32-4), ist ein Strukturisomer von Coffein, das durch Methylgruppenmigration innerhalb des Xanthingerüsts während der Synthese oder unter thermischer Belastung entstehen kann. Die Summenformel lautet C8H10N4O2 bei einer Molmasse von 194,19 g/mol. Als Stellungsisomer und nicht als Abbauprodukt mit veränderten Funktionalgruppen ist seine Relevanz vor allem in der verfahrensbedingten Verunreinigungscharakterisierung und der Trennung vom Mutteralkaloid zu sehen. Die Spurenbestimmung erfordert üblicherweise RP-LC-MS/MS oder LC-DAD, während hochauflösende MS oder NMR zur Absicherung eng verwandter Methylxanthin-Isomere eingesetzt werden.
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